Street Children - 5347 Words

INTRODUCTION One of the miseries brought by the modern civilization is the situation of the street children. In the old times, and still now in some areas, children worked with their parents and reamed a lot of things from them; later, children looked after aged parents, and therefore much value was put on children, and there was strong bond of affection between parents and child. However, now it has changed. Parents go to work, and children do not go to work with them. Children only cost much money for food and education. Parents of a poor family are suffering from much financial stress. As the stress becomes bigger, their love for their children decreases. Then, a home, which should be a place children receive affection, becomes a†¦show more content†¦Eighteen outreach workers were recruited and assigned to fifteen cities. These workers did referrals, conducted actual outreach on the streets, conducted interviews, made initial contact with families or elatives, and prepared initials diagnosis and action plans. In Manila and Davao City, MSSD provided temporary shelter, intake, counseling and referral services through drop-in centers. Reception and action centers run by two city governments receive street children picked up by police for various offenses. Under the City of Man concept of the former First Lady Imelda Marcos, street children were regarded as nuisance and eyesore, they had to be eliminated from the street. Temporary shelter, counseling and value inculcation seminars with families were made available. However, these efforts provided little impact on their situation. Most of them went back on the street after their release form the shelter since they had no other alternative to earn a living. From 1984 to 1990 two networks of non-government social development agencies were organized for advocacy, capability-building and coordination. These agencies supported rehabilitation programs for street children and prevention programs that helped deter child tr afficking. The first programs started with a committee of five agencies, under the Council of Welfare Agencies of the Philippines, Inc. (CWAPI), now known as the National Council for social Development Foundation (NCSDF). ByShow MoreRelatedThis paper is about the street children and their problems1573 Words   |  7 PagesA street child is a young person, under the age of fifteen, who lives and sleeps in the streets, whose family ties are broken and who cant or wont return home. Street children live in the streets without their families. Each child has to learn how to survive alone, since no adult takes responsibility of them. Often they are very young and completely ignored by their families. These children dont like to be called as street children. They live, or rather struggle to survive, they are usuallyRead MoreEffects Of Sesame Street On The Education Of Young Children1756 Words   |  8 PagesSesame Street to be a wide-spreading contagion. Yet, Sesame Street provoked a social epidemic as one of the most influential children s television programs of its time. Malcolm Gladwell has studied the effects of Sesame Street on the education of young children in his novel, The Tipping Point. He has three overall generalizations of all epidemics, including the Law of the Few, the Stickiness Factor, and the Power of Context. I will apply these generalizations to his example of Sesame Street to supportRead MoreBank Street School For Children1160 Words   |  5 PagesThe Bank Street School for Children is founded in 1916 in New York by Lucy Sprague Mitchell, together with her husband Wesley Mitchell and colleague Harriet Johnson. The Curriculum Approach from Bank Street is designed for young children and it is planned intentionally to improve quality of the program for children and their families. The teacher uses every opportunity to foster intellectual mastery and function in the learning environment. Bank Street curriculum’s environment, philosophy, principalsRead MoreThe Homeless Are Homeless : A Middle Class Lifestyle After Marriage1654 Words   |  7 Pagesthe time their child was one year old their house was foreclosed, cars and valuable possessions were sold for money just to be able to eat for the next month. Living on the streets moving from shelter to shelter they were barely getting the nutrition that is needed to survive. So many peopl e can end up homeless from children, to adults, and even veterans. According to Doran, fifteen percent of America’s homeless are chronically homeless, which means the person has been homeless continuously for aRead MoreAnalysis Of Marni Finkelstein s With No Direction Home 1394 Words   |  6 Pagesin the Streets† written by Marni Finkelstein refers to the homeless youth. This book describes the lifestyle of the teenagers with no home and explains with detail about what consist in their everyday lives in the streets of New York City. The purpose of this book is to explain to people who these kids are and to see life in their point of view. It explains the difference between street kids and the kids that live on the street. We need to understand that the kids that live on the streets have theirRead MoreEssay about Homeless Children In America1111 Words   |  5 PagesHomeless Children in America   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  To be homeless is to not have a home or a permanent place of residence. Nationwide, there is estimated to be 3.5 million people that are homeless, and roughly 1.35 million of them are children. It is shown that homeless rates, which are the number of sheltered beds in a city divided by the cities population, have tripled since the 1980’s (National Coalition for Homeless, 2014). Worldwide, it is estimated that 100 million children live and work on the streets. HomelessRead MoreHomeless Youth Of The 20th Century Essay970 Words   |  4 Pagesshelter’s system, which is a small portion of the total population of homeless youth. One report estimated that only one in twelve homeless youth ever come into contact with the shelter system (Somllar, 1999). The main focus is on â€Å"street youth† who are still on the streets with no home, and no adult guidance. The downfall of the system is that it is based on coming in contact with homeless youth, inst ead of building a rapport with them, and getting an understanding of why they leave home. The causesRead MoreThe Problem Of Homelessness Among Youth898 Words   |  4 PagesHomeless of adults, teenagers, and sometimes small children is something that is seen in bigger cities on a daily basis. Homeless teenagers is a growing issue and makes a person wonder what causes a teenager to become homeless? Teenagers are becoming increasingly homeless because of family situations that are out of control. From thirteen years old to seventeen years old they need to feel safe and secure in their homes. Parents are there to help their children and protect them, but they don’t always succeedRead MoreThe Homelessness Of The Homeless888 Words   |  4 Pagesof adults, teenagers, and occasionally small children is something that is seen in large cities on a daily basis. Homelessness in teenagers is a growing issue and makes a person wonder what reasons a teenager has become homeless? Teenage rs are becoming increasingly homeless because of family situations that are out of control. From thirteen years old to seventeen years old they must feel safe and secure at home. Parents are there to help their children and protect them, but they don’t always succeedRead MoreWhy Children Alone Or With Their Families Become Homeless?1108 Words   |  5 PagesImagine feeling hopeless, lost, and alone. Feeling like all doors have closed, and knowing surviving day by day is your daily task. Surprisingly, â€Å"[a] staggering 2.5 million children are now homeless each year,†countless innocent children and their families are impacted by a destitute life style (â€Å"National Center†). Fortunately, efforts are being made to address homelessness constructively. Statewide organizations such as Covenant House and local organizations like The Maslow Project are hoping

William Golding s Lord Of The Flies - 1315 Words

William Golding’s novel Lord of the Flies was set somewhere on the timeline of World War Two, a war between the Axis and the Allies lasting from 1939 until 1945. Although WWII was fought between many countries in the Pacific and Europe, the main contender was Germany, led by Adolf Hitler. Hitler and his followers, the Nazis, changed the lives of everyone when they attempted to strengthen Germany and brought out all the evil and ugliness in the world. After WWII, nothing would be able to change the negative effects brought upon German society. In the early 1930’s, Adolf Hitler’s Nazi party used the widespread discontent of the German people to gain support from them. There was resentment at the territorial, military, and economical terms of†¦show more content†¦They proclaimed that the German people were a â€Å"master race† and that all non-Germans—especially Jews—were inferior. Over the course of two years, from 1933 to 1935, Hitler was able to get in control and pass the Nuremburg Laws which marked the beginning of an institutionalized anti-Semitic persecution. After getting full control of the government and eliminating all remaining political opposition, Hitler moved forward with his plans to return Germany to glory. First thing on his mind was to overturn the Versailles settlement. Hitler started rebuilding the military of Germany and other allied and conquered countries, preparing to expand Germany’s territory eastward (History.com). While Hitler moved east, anti-Jewish pogroms erupted across Germany and Austria. Then in November 1938 came Kristallnacht—the â€Å"Night of Broken Glass†. It was a state-orchestrated attack on Jewish homes, businesses, and synagogues. This resulted in the murder of 91 Jews. Twenty thousand more were arrested and transported to concentration camps, where they would either be killed or put to work for the rest of the war. By March 1939, Germany had seized all of Czechoslovakia. Hitler now had his eyes set on Poland. After WWI, the Allies cut out the Polish Corridor from German territory, and now Hitler wanted it back (Britannia.com). So Hitler signed a nonaggression pact with Joseph Stalin, leader of the Soviet Union, in order to invade Poland unopposed.

Cmn 277 free essay sample

Frequency of cause: how many times you have been exposed into message a. Cumulative (more than one time) multiple b. Non-cumulative (base on taking one) 6. Nature of outcome a. Cognitive (do with fighting against what we believe) b. Affective (do with emotion or feeling) c. Behavioral (perform) EX. The table is soft, but I think it is hard (cognitive); â€Å"I don’t like tables any more† (affective); I will not buy it. (Behavioral) 3) Phases of effects research: research topics, theories, and typical research in the direct effects era, limited effects era, and conditional effects era 1. Direct effects era Research topics and theories a. Looking at political propaganda b. Media perceived to be influential c. EX. â€Å"Hypodermic needle† and â€Å"magic bullet† theories (media are powerful) Research: research focus on content of media; little research on media effects 2. Limited effects era Research topics and theories a. Why are media not powerful? b. Ex. Selective exposure and selective retention theories Typical research: survey and content analysis 3. Conditional effects era Research topics and theories a. Looking for more subtle effects b. Looking for conditions when effects may occur Typical research: broadened range of methods B) Research Methods Overview 1) Basic problems in media effects research 1. Problems of exposure: when someone consume the message, different level of exposure. 2. Problems of measurement 3. Problems of causality (you like to try everything) 2) Causal models: basic one-way model, supplemental models, and alternative causal models 1. Basic one-way model X- cause, independent (nature) Y- effect, dependent (depend on X) X Y 2. Supplement causal models The basic is right, but maybe two or more ways . Multiple causes model X X Y X b. Mutual causation model X Y c. Intervening model (not directly) X Z Y 3. Alternative causal models One-way model here is false a. Reverse causation model X Y b. Third-factor model X Y Z 3) Data collection methods: description, advantages, and disadvantages of content analysis, surveys, and experiments 1. Content analysis Numerical description of media a. Advantages Ident ifies what is in the media message that starts in message b. Disadvantages By itself, cannot demonstrate cause and effect . Surveys Asking representative sample, external validity a. Advantages 1) Representative sample of people 2) Measures naturally occurring events b. Disadvantages 1) Limited to questions 2) Cannot measure time order 3. Experiments Expose people to something: measure effects, internal, validity a. Advantages 1) Can observe/manipulate events 2) Can observe time order b. Disadvantages 1) Often uses limited sample of people 2) Artificial setting and situations C) Uses and Gratifications Theories 1) Uses and Gratifications defined and the uses and gratifications model 1. Defined What happens before and during media exposure helps determine the effects of exposure 2. Model Psychological forces: individual, what you believe Social forces: outside influence, from others or†¦ (Both happen at the same time) Reasons for exposure conditions of exposure: what do you feel media effects Example: Desire to vote correctly Professor urges you to engage in political process 2) Some reasons for media exposure (list of common media gratifications) 1. Surveillance Try to learn something, figure something out 2. Entertainment Look for to prove your mood 3. Interpersonal activity 1) You want to watch famous people, so you watch the TV show (2) You watch TV show, you want to talk to others about it. 4. Para social interaction We keep the relationship (you watch Opera, you believe her because she tells you what to do) 5. Personal Identity You watch TV show to improve yourself and expand your knowledge in the fields you are interested in. The similarity is between you and c haracters. D) Cultivation Theory 1) Constructed nature of social reality 1. The mind begins as a blank slate 2. Our reality is constructed for us by social interactions and institutions 3. Part of the reality we construct is based on television reality 4. Television reality is wrong 2) Television reality: what is wrong with it; the consistency of the patterns Entertainment television presents a distorted view of America and the world. 62% characters are male People under 18 are only 1/3 of actual People over 65 are only 1/5 of actual Crime is 10 times as common as actual Medical and criminal justice workers many times as common as actual 3% of TV characters are responsible for an older adult 3) The Cultivation process: parts of the process 1. Where attitudes come from Belief 1 Belief 2 attitude judgment Belief 3 EX. Beliefs and attitude toward police officers Police use brutality Police protect people Police abuse power 2. The cultivation model Viewer’s exposure to TV demographics 1) Exposure to TV demographics a. Who is on Television b. What they do and what happens to them 2) Viewers’ beliefs about people, places, and other social phenomena a. Who is out there in the world b. What they do and what happens to them 3) Views’ attitudes a. Based on beliefs about people, places, and other social phenomena b. We infer importance status, and relative social place; we make judgments c. Mainstreaming process 4) Further specifications 1. When does Cultivation not occur? a. When direct experience differs from TV b. When people view critically c. When the TV message is not uniform 2. When is cultivation most likely to occur? a. When the message resonate with direct experience b. When 5) Cultivation research: Content analyses and surveys 1. Content analysis of television 2. Survey research a. Exposure to TV b. Beliefs c. Attitudes 6) Criticisms of the theory 1. Difficult to establish causality 2. Too broad E) General Media Effects Theories 1) Social Learning 1. Overview We can learn behavior by watching other’s behavior 2. How it works a. Basic model: Attention to performance of behavior b. Important conditions 1) Identification with model 2) Model rewards/consequences 3) Situational motivations The situation should be the same c. Categorizing the theory 1) Causes change 2) Individual-level 3) Long-term 4) Non-cumulative (only need to see performance once) 5) Behavioral focus 2) Excitation Transfer 1. Overview The excitement we get from media content can exaggerate our feelings 2. How it works 1) Physiological arousal (transfer) Media content can be arousal Expose to arousing content 2) Exaggeration comes from misunderstanding the cause of arousal. 3) Categorizing the theory 1. Causes change 2. Individual level 3. Short-term 4. Non-cumulative 5. Affective focus 3) Exemplification A lot of times we see examples of people in news, we think about the represent issue, use the examples to judge issues. 1. How it works 1) People understand issues in terms of effect on other people 2) News stories supply examples of people and situations (exemplars); often extreme causes. ) People treat exemplars as typical cases 4) Exemplars are often easy to recall when a. No firm impression of actual situation b. Example created emotional reaction 5) Process Exposure to examples in News 6) Net effect: extreme, incorrect beliefs and judgments about social issues 2. Categorizing the theory 1) Causes change 2) Individual-level 3) Long-term 4) Non-cumulative 5) Cognitive focus 4) Dese nsitization a. The more you see bother the content, the less it bother you (content that used to bother you). b. How it works 1) Applies to affect-producing content 2) Basic model Repeated exposure 3) Outcome can be affected or behavior change c. Categorizing the theory 1) Causes change 2) Individual-level 3) Long-term 4) Cumulative 5) Affective focus (first) 5) Catharsis Not very supported, but very interesting media provide opportunity for us to add up emotions. (Media content lets us imagine away negative feelings) 1. How it works 1) We have negative experience 2) Media provide venue for fantasizing 3) Basic model Negative feelings 2. Categorizing the theory 1) Causes change 2) Individual-level 3) Short-term 4) Non-cumulative 5) Affective focus ) Reinforcement Some media content encourage us to stay as we are (media reinforces what we already think, feel and do) 1. How it works 1) Builds from 2 basic observations a. Not everyone reacts to media content b. Many people already behave as suggested by content 2) Basic model Exposure to content 2. Categorizing the theory (does not cause change) 1) Reinforces 2) Individual-level 3) Long-term 4) Non-cumulative 5) Cognitive/affective/behavioral focus F) Media Violence and Aggression 1) Basic models of violence effects 1. Exposure to violence in media Exposure Exposure Exposure 2. Exposure to violence in media 2) The research: content analysis, experiments, and survey studies 1. Content analysis (1) Count of violent acts Six percent of all TV shows have violence and have six hours (2) Perpetrators Good guys commit violence 3) Consequences (terrible) 70% of violent acts down, half of them show no harm or no pain. 4% content 2. Survey studies (1) One-time How much violence can you observe? Generally conducted on Children Ask teacher to measure the aggression in Children Ask children how much TV they watch Lots of TV= lots of aggression (2) Over-time 1961: increased exposure=increased aggression 1971: increased exposure=increased aggression Being exposed to violence= aggressive behavior (causal nature) 3. Experiment Field experiments: outcomes based on previous experience Look at previous behavior, control predict Violent is related to aggressive Trying to find out what people are doing naturally Less control 3) Criticisms of the research Causal model cannot show relationship with certainty Why is there so much violence? Easily produced Easily understood G) Sexually Explicit Content ) Issues in sexually explicit content research: the basic categorization scheme, kinds of dependent variables, ethical concerns 1. The basic categorization scheme (1) Sexually violent a. Sex involves in movies (2) Nonviolent degrading More or less can teach bad things for male and female relationship (3) Nonviolent non-degrading Love, equal power between (4) Nudity It is not real about sex (5) Child por nography 2. Kinds of dependent variables (1) Arousal What people will be like when show something? (2) Beliefs What people think about the sexual content? (3) Attitudes (4) Behavior What’s your sexual activity? Take safe or not? 3. Ethical concerns People do the content worries about 2) Effects of non-violent sexually explicit content: degrading and non-degrading content 3) Effects of sexual violence: what makes sexual violence different than other violence, typical sexual violence content types and exposure effects We only see it in media Typical sexual violence content types: the outcome 4) Criticisms of the research Hard to do this experiment H) Race in Crime News 1) Theoretical approaches to possible effects 2) Race and crime news: how various racial groups are depicted 3) Explaining differences in news coverage I) Mass Media and Gender 1) Theoretical approaches to possible effects 2) Remember audience differences 3) Entertainment media and advertising: content patterns, the role of media producers, research on effects of exposure to body images J) Media Media and Health 1) Theoretical approaches to possible effects 2) Representations of mental disorders 3) Representations of physicians: current and past 4) Entertainment-Education 5) Media Obesity: characteristics of common portrayals (of food and people), nutritional knowledge K) Public Opinion 1) Public opinion defined 2) Spiral of Silence ) Criticisms of Spiral of Silence We need more research, dont work very well in the USA. L) Agenda Setting, Priming, Framing 1) The agenda setting effect: the public agenda, the media agenda, how the media communicate the importance of issues, the basic model 2) Agenda setting research: survey research at one time, survey research over time, and experiments 3) Conditions that affect when agenda setting happens: individual differences and issue obtrusiveness 4) Issue priming: the priming effect and research Use the issue to judge the leaders 5) Framing: the news framing effect Does take in account what it said. M) Mass Media and Presidential Elections 1) Relationship between candidates and journalists 2) Patterson’s Game Schema Theory a) Hypothesis: general thesis and model b) Opposing approaches to elections: how journalists and voters approach elections c) Effects of this disparity d) Why this has occurred e) Strengths and weaknesses (criticisms) of the theory N) Effects of Internet Use 1) Internet use affects quality of interactions 2) Internet use replaces interpersonal communication 3) Internet use replaces traditional mass media People dont have recourses to do multiple things. You dont know when someone watching you. Internet people can get really diversity information III. Discussion section content since examination #1 A) Sex Roles on Television and Stereotype Threat B) Video game and music video findings C) Voter turnout trends and campaigns Important thing to know who tends to vote. Education level, race graphics Why? Old people are home, and others. VEP is better than the VAP Learn about the candidates and decide how you to vote Watch the news and look for issue information about the conditdates Want to decide how to vote I don’t want to become a police officer Viewer’s attitudes Viewer’s beliefs Performance of behavior Learning of behavior Exaggeration of feelings Arousal Examples used in beliefs and judgment about issues Recall of examples Acceptance of depicted behavior Reduced emotional response Perform Reduction of original feelings Various releases of feelings Exposure to others acting out feelings Predisposition reinforcement Aggressiveness Aggressiveness Social learning Aggressiveness Excitation transfer Aggressiveness Desensitization Fear

Ode To Franz Liszt Essays - Franz Liszt, Piano Pedagogues

Ode To Franz Liszt Ode to Franz Liszt A prophetic voice, borne on the golden wings of time, Transcends the beat of the human drum...ever sublime Ancient strategic dots that plot a masterful score Slumber for a century till given life once more Clay digits cascade over ivories, black and white, Summoning reveries that croon and howl in the night More profound than the Pole or diverse than all his peers His rich tapestry of sound soaks in blood, sweat and tears Once Prometheus bound his exhumed spirit now soars Enlightening future generations both mine and yours Enraptured by a Lisztian whirlwind of vivid sound Heaven joyously splits open... a hero is crowned. Richard DiSilvio Franz Liszt (1811-1886) Liszt's influence as a, pianist, composer, and great personality spans almost the entire nineteenth century and is felt into the twentieth. He was born with the first generation of romantic composers, Berlioz, Chopin, Schumann, and Mendelssohn. But he outlived them all and played a hugely significant role in the development of the ?music of the future.? Franz Liszt was born in 1811 in Raiding, Hungary. By the age of six it was obvious that he was no ordinary child. His father gave him piano lessons and arranged for Franz to play for many aristocrats in hopes that someone would sponsor his son's musical education. At the age of nine he won an award to study in Vienna. He studied piano with Carl Czerny, prot?g? of Beethoven, and composition with Antonio Salieri. He continued touring Europe until the age of 17, performing for the likes of King George IV and Beethoven. By this time he had already written his first and only opera, Don Sanche, that was performed in Paris and many virtuoso pieces. Liszt established himself as a master of the piano. Some have dubbed him the ?King? or ?God? of piano. Moscheles, who heard a performance in London, wrote, ?In its power and mastery of every difficulty Liszt's playing surpasses anything previously heard.? Liszt took up full time residence in Paris where he spent much of his time with the greats of literature, music, and art such as Victor Hugo, Chopin, Mendelssohn, Delacriox, Berlioz, Paganini. This time in Paris was filled with romance and culture. Liszt developed his complex aesthetic character. He was still developing as a composer, though. Most of his work at this time consisted of transcribing works of other composers such as Paganini, Gounod, Verdi, and Wagner. In 1834, at the age of 23, he and his scandalous lover, the Countess Marie d'Agoult eloped to Switzerland. Her wealth provided him the opportunity to devote himself to composing. During this period Liszt wrote the Transcendental Etudes, Lelio Fantasy, and 12 Grand Etudes to name a few. He was prolific. By 1843 Liszt had established himself as a composer of symphonic poems. He is credited with inventing this genre of music. He wrote songs of Goethe, Heine, and Hugo, and his first Hungarian Rhapsody. This era is the height of Lisztomania, an incredibly successful tour all over Europe in which he originates the solo piano recital, calling them ?soliloquies.? He was the first to fully orchestrate the piano. During Lisztomania he also began a new style of conducting, breathing life into the works instead of merely signaling a beat. Liszt was also recognized as an altruist. He promoted the work of other composers such as Faure, Debussy, Saint-Saens, and Grieg. He gave free concerts to raise money for charities, and he mentored such young talent as Berlioz and Wagner free of charge. In 1847 he officially retired as a performer never accepting another fee for a concert. He met the second great love of his life, Princess Carolyne Sayn-Wittgenstein in Kiev after having broken with Marie. She eventually joined him in Weimar where he had been appointed Grand Ducal Director of Music Extraordinaire. He settled here producing some of his greatest works, Les Preludes, the Dante and Faust Symphonies, Twelve Symphonic Poems including Hamlet, and Hungaria, and the Sonata in B for Piano. In 1860 Liszt moved to Rome. He divided his time between Weimar, Budapest, and Rome until his death in 1886. Liszt continued to compose, teach, and perform until he died at the age of 74. He had his critics, but his style has shaped music to